Obstetric and perinatal outcomes of maternal COVID-19 disease

Case-control study

  • Cecilia Santos Asociación Española Primera de Socorros Mutuos, Departamento de Ginecología y Obstetricia
  • Danilo Magallanes Asociación Española Primera de Socorros Mutuos, Departamento Clínico de Medicina
  • Melina Rubiños Asociación Española Primera de Socorros Mutuos, Departamento Clínico de Medicina
  • Álvaro Danza Universidad de la República, Facultad de Medicina, Hospital Pasteur, Clínica Médica 2
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29193/RMU.39.3.4
Keywords: COVID-19, PREGNANCY, INFECTIOUS COMPLICATIONS OF PREGNANCY, NEWBORN

Abstract

Introduction: Viral infections during pregnancy can lead to maternal and fetal complications. It is important to describe the maternal and fetal implications of COVID-19 disease.
Objetives: To describe and analyze the characteristics of patients who experienced SARS-CoV-2 infection during gestation, and maternal and fetal outcomes.
Method: A case-control study was conducted. All pregnant patients who presented SARS-CoV-2 infection and were hospitalized in a private healthcare institution (cases) during the period 1/03/2021 – 31/07/2021 were included in the study. Controls were selected from pregnant patients who were admitted during the same time but tested negative for SARS-CoV-2. Two controls were included for each case. The maternal variables considered were preterm labor, gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, (severe or non-severe) preeclampsia, fetal death, fetal growth restriction, placental abruption. The neonatal variables considered were vital status, newborn weight, one-minute and five-minute Apgar scores, need for admission to a specialized neonatal care unit, and length of stay in days. COVID-19 tests for the newborn and their condition at discharge were recorded.
Results: Maternal demographic characteristics were comparable in both groups. Twenty-one (55%) obstetric complications were observed in the case group, and 117 (44.7%) in the control group; OR= 4.2 (95% CI:   1.9-9.7).  Twenty-one (30.8%) neonatal complications were observed in the case group, and 3 (3.8%) in the control group; OR= 11.2 (95% CI: 2.9-42.9). The case group was associated with a lower likelihood of being vaccinated; OR = 0.3 (95% CI:  0.13-0.75).
Conclusions: We report an increased risk of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes associated with SARS-CoV-2 virus infection. Vaccination proves to be a valuable tool against this viral infection.

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Published
2023-09-04
How to Cite
1.
Santos C, Magallanes D, Rubiños M, Danza Álvaro. Obstetric and perinatal outcomes of maternal COVID-19 disease. Rev. Méd. Urug. [Internet]. 2023Sep.4 [cited 2024Nov.24];39(3):e204. Available from: https://www2.rmu.org.uy/ojsrmu311/index.php/rmu/article/view/1039
Issue
Vol 39 No 3 (2023): Revista Médica del Uruguay
Section
Original Articles
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