Simulación en laparoscopía durante la formación del cirujano general
Revisión y experiencia inicial
Resumen
La simulación surge como una herramienta fundamental dentro de lo que implica el cambio de paradigma de enseñanza de la cirugía al que asistimos en la actualidad, basado en teorías educativas modernas, la seguridad del paciente y en el caso de la laparoscopía las dificultades propias de la técnica. El objetivo fundamental es trasladar el entrenamiento en habilidades motoras fuera del block quirúrgico, al laboratorio de simulación. Para ello, existen diversos modelos de simulación, entre los que destacamos los box trainers, que pese a su baja fidelidad, suman varias ventajas en relación con sus costos, disponibilidad y reutilización. En este artículo realizamos una revisión descriptiva del tema, incluyendo los diferentes modelos y métodos de entrenamiento, estrategias de evaluación, así como de nuestra experiencia inicial en la Clínica Quirúrgica 2 del Hospital Maciel.
Citas
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