Prevalence and risk factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
The PLATINO project in Montevideo
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the major cause of mortality in developed countries. Epidemiologic data from Latin America are scant. PLATINO (Proyecto Latinoamericano de Investigación en Obstrucción Pulmonar) is a multi-center study aimed at measuring COPD prevalence in five major cities in Latin America, describing risk factors and respiratory symptoms, assessing sensitivity and specificity symptomatology to correlate prior medical and functional diagnosis of COPD.
The sample was obtained following different stages, clustered in categories in order to analyse a population-based sample of approximately 1,000 individuals aged 40 years or older of the metropolitan area of Montevideo. Out of 1140 elegible individuals, 943 completed standardized questionnaires and 885 post-bronchodilator spirometries were submitted. Prevalence of OPCD according to functional criteria was: VEF1/CVF <70%: 19,7%. According to Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease(GOLD) definition (VEF1/CVF <70% and VEF1<80% predict) was 7,8% because severity level is also quantified (stage II). Smoking was present in 28% of requested. They reached 47% more COPD than non-smokers; this finding was 78% higher in smokers with an index of box/year > 10.
Low sensitivity and specificity of respiratory symptoms and diagnose of this disease might promote early detection of limited air by spirometry in order to indicate appropiate therapeutic steps.
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