Mortality in physicians (1st. part). Uruguay 1974-2002
Dermographic characteristics
Keywords:
PHYSICIANS, MORTALITY, URUGUAY
Abstract
A descriptive, retrospective and transversal study on both demographic characteristics and specialities of physicians dead in Uruguay from 1974 to 2002. Data was obtained from national medical records at the Sindicato Médico del Uruguay (Padrón Médico Nacional del Sindicato Médico del Uruguay. Comparing to life expectancy at birth (EVN), age of death was significantly lower.
Age death was different considering sexes; out of 247 women and 1.525 men (n = 1.772), 50% women died before 60 years old comparing to 25% men. All indicators showed mortality age lower in women than in men.
In relation to specialities, they all showed the same pattern: always woman death age was lower than man death age. Anesthesiologists and cardiologists died the youngest.
Further informantion is needed, the same as identifying surgeons as a group risk and the above-mentionded specialities in order to design prevention strategies.
References
1) Turnes AL. La salud mental de los médicos y los profesionales de la salud: Conferencia en el Colegio Uruguayo de Administradores de Servicios de Salud. Montevideo, 10 de octubre de 2002.
2) Turnes AL. La salud mental de los médicos y los profesionales de la salud. Diario Médico Nov. 2002; 5(42): 2-3.
3) Vidal L, Gambón E, Contera M, Fernández M. Mortalidad de profesionales universitarios en el Uruguay: estudio epidemiológico. Montevideo: Departamento de Higiene y Medicina Preventiva, 1976.
4) Rosasco CL. Riesgo profesional en la sala de operaciones: efecto de los agentes anestésicos. Cir Uruguay 1976; 46(4): 288-92.
5) Barreiro G. La polución ambiental en sala de operaciones: un problema aún sin solución. Rev Med Uruguay 1990; 6(1): 6-8.
6) Armijo R, Monreal T. Causas de mortalidad en médicos chilenos. Rev Med Chile 1962: 347-52.
7) Pereira A. Médico não cuida da própria saúde, diz estudo. J Socesp 1998; 2(8). http://www.socesp.org.br/publicacoes/jornal/ano1998/numero8/8_imprensa.htm [Consulta: 10/1/2003]
8) Conselho Regional de Medicina do Estado de São Paulo, Universidade Federal de São Paulo. Dependencia entre médicos: encuesta realizada en el año 2000. www.sindhosp.com.br [Consulta: 20/2/2002]
9) Jiménez-Navarrete Mf, González-Blandón R, Sell-Salazar V. Caracterización de algunos hábitos y enfermedades de los médicos costarricenses. Acta Med Costarric 2000; 42(3): 121-30.
10) Valverde Caravaca CA. Mortalidad comparada entre profesionales en Costa Rica años 1988-1992. Rev Med Costa Rica 1994; 61(527): 57-60.
11) Jiménez-Navarrete MF. La mortalidad en el cuerpo médico nacional. Acta Med Costarric 1997; 39(2): 38-43.
12) Casilla De León EM, Céspedes RE, Concepción Borroughs J, Sosa Ortiz ME, Méndez H, Cruz Arias J. Principales características de la muerte del médico en República Dominicana. Rev Med Domin 1993; 54(1): 3-4.
13) Goodman LJ. The longevity and mortality of American physicians, 1969-1973. Milbank Mem Fund Q Health Soc 1975; 53(3): 353-75.
14) Alexander BH, Checkoway H, Nagahama SI, Domino KB. Cause-specific mortality risks of anesthesiologists. Anesthesiology 2000; 93(4): 922-30.
15) Berry AJ, Fleisher LA. Cause-specific mortality risks of anesthesiologists. New evidence for the existence of old problems. Anesthesiology 2000; 93(4): 919-21.
16) Bruce DL, Eide KA, Linde HW, Eckenhoff JE. Causes of death among anesthesiologists: a 20-year survey. Anesthesiology 1968; 29(3): 565-9.
17) Bruce DL, Eide KA, Smith NJ, Seltzer F, Dykes MH. A prospective survey of anesthesiologist mortality, 1967-1971. Anesthesiology 1974; 41(1): 71-4.
18) Lew EA. Mortality experience among anesthesiologists, 1954- 1976. Anesthesiology 1979; 51(3): 195-9.
19) Ullmann D, Phillips RL, Beeson WL, Dewey HG, Brin BN, Kuzma JW, et al. Cause-specific mortality among physicians with differing life-styles. JAMA 1991; 265(18): 2352-9.
20) Blachly P. Doctor-owned malpractice plan cuts defense costs. Med World News 1979; 20(20): 20-2.
21) American Medical Association. Council on Scientific Affairs. Physician mortality and suicide: Results and implications of the AMA-APA Pilot Study. Conn Med 1986; 50(1): 37-43.
22) American Medical Association. Council on Scientific Affairs. Results and Implications of the AMA-APA Physician Mortality Project Stage II. JAMA 1987; 257(21): 2949-53.
23) Simon W. Suicide among physicians: prevention and postvention. Crisis 1986; 7:1-13.
24) Sargent DA, Jensen VW, Petty TA, Raskin H. Preventing physician suicide. The role of family, colleagues, and organized medicine. JAMA 1977; 237(2): 143-5.
25) Craig AG, Pitts FN Jr. Suicide by physicians. Dis Nerv Syst 1968; 29(11): 763-72.
26) Rose KD, Rosow I. Physicians who kill themselves. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1973; 29(6): 800-5.
27) Samkoff JS, Hockenberry S, Simon LJ, Jones RL. Mortality of young physicians in the United States, 1980-1988. Acad Med 1995; 70(3): 242-4.
28) Frank E, Biola H, Burnett CA. Mortality rates and causes among U.S. physicians. Am J Prev Med 2000; 19(3): 155-9.
29) Doll R, Peto R, Wheatley K, Gray R, Sutherland I. Mortality in relation to smoking: 40 years' observations on male british doctor. BMJ 1994; 309(6959): 901-11.
30) Doll R, Peto R, Hall E, Wheatley K, Gray R. Mortality in relation to consumption of alcohol: 13 years´ observations on male british doctors. BMJ 1994; 309(6959): 911-8.
31) Marks DF. Mortality and alcohol consumption: the dose-response relation is probably linear. BMJ 1995; 310(6975): 325-6.
32) Shaper AG. Mortality and alcohol consumption: non-drinkers shouldn´t be used as baseline. BMJ 1995; 310(6975): 325.
33) Reynolds TM. Mortality and alcohol consumption: the conclusions we draw. BMJ 1995; 310(6975): 326.
34) Lyons RA, Lo SV, Monaghan S, Littlepage BN. Mortality and alcohol consumption: moderate drinking also improves health. BMJ 1995; 310(6975): 326.
35) Carpenter LM, Swerdlow AJ, Fear NT. Mortality of doctors in different specialties: findings from a cohort of 20.000 NHS hospital consultants. Occup Environ Med 1997; 54(6): 388-95.
36) Doll R, Peto R. Mortality among doctors in different occupations. BMJ 1977; 1(6074): 1433-6.
37) Juel K, Mosbech J, Hansen Es. Mortality and causes of death among Danish medical doctors 1973-1992. Int J Epidemiol 1999; 28(3): 456-60.
38) Ohtonen P, Alahuhta S. Mortality among Finnish anesthesiologists from 1984-2000. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2002; 46(10): 1196-9
39) Rimpela AH, Nurminen MM, Pulkkinen PO, Rimpela, MK, Valkonen T. Mortality of Doctors: do doctors benefit from their medical knowledge? Lancet 1987; 1(8524): 84-6.
40) Arnetz BB, Horte LG, Hedberg A, Theorell T, Allander E, Malker H. Suicide patterns among physicians related to other academics as well as to the general population. Results from a national long-term prospective study and a retrospective study. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1987; 75(2): 139-43.
41) Svardsudd K, Wedel H, Gordh TJr. Mortality rates among swedish physicians: a population-based nationwide study with special reference to anesthesiologists. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2002; 46(10): 1187-95.
42) Aasland OG. Mortality of anesthesiologists, pediatricians, and other specialists in Norway. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2002; 46(10): 1200-2.
43) Kono S, Ikeda M, Tokudome S, Nishizumi M, Kuratsune M. Alcohol and mortality: a cohort study of male japanese physicians. Int J Epidemiol 1986; 15(4): 527-32.
44) Kono S, Ikeda M, Tokudome S, Nishizumi M, Kuratsune M. Smoking and mortalities from cancer, coronary heart disease and stroke in male Japanese physicians. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 1985; 110(2): 161-4.
45) Peña D, Romo J. Descripción numérica (2). In: Introducción a la Estadística para las Ciencias Sociales. Madrid: Mc Graw-Hill, 1997: 65-80.
46) Ministerio de Salud Pública. Estadísticas de Salud. Montevideo: MSP, 1998:34.
47) 47. Wall S. Epidemiology for prevention. Int J Epidemiol 1995; 2(4): 655-64.
2) Turnes AL. La salud mental de los médicos y los profesionales de la salud. Diario Médico Nov. 2002; 5(42): 2-3.
3) Vidal L, Gambón E, Contera M, Fernández M. Mortalidad de profesionales universitarios en el Uruguay: estudio epidemiológico. Montevideo: Departamento de Higiene y Medicina Preventiva, 1976.
4) Rosasco CL. Riesgo profesional en la sala de operaciones: efecto de los agentes anestésicos. Cir Uruguay 1976; 46(4): 288-92.
5) Barreiro G. La polución ambiental en sala de operaciones: un problema aún sin solución. Rev Med Uruguay 1990; 6(1): 6-8.
6) Armijo R, Monreal T. Causas de mortalidad en médicos chilenos. Rev Med Chile 1962: 347-52.
7) Pereira A. Médico não cuida da própria saúde, diz estudo. J Socesp 1998; 2(8). http://www.socesp.org.br/publicacoes/jornal/ano1998/numero8/8_imprensa.htm [Consulta: 10/1/2003]
8) Conselho Regional de Medicina do Estado de São Paulo, Universidade Federal de São Paulo. Dependencia entre médicos: encuesta realizada en el año 2000. www.sindhosp.com.br [Consulta: 20/2/2002]
9) Jiménez-Navarrete Mf, González-Blandón R, Sell-Salazar V. Caracterización de algunos hábitos y enfermedades de los médicos costarricenses. Acta Med Costarric 2000; 42(3): 121-30.
10) Valverde Caravaca CA. Mortalidad comparada entre profesionales en Costa Rica años 1988-1992. Rev Med Costa Rica 1994; 61(527): 57-60.
11) Jiménez-Navarrete MF. La mortalidad en el cuerpo médico nacional. Acta Med Costarric 1997; 39(2): 38-43.
12) Casilla De León EM, Céspedes RE, Concepción Borroughs J, Sosa Ortiz ME, Méndez H, Cruz Arias J. Principales características de la muerte del médico en República Dominicana. Rev Med Domin 1993; 54(1): 3-4.
13) Goodman LJ. The longevity and mortality of American physicians, 1969-1973. Milbank Mem Fund Q Health Soc 1975; 53(3): 353-75.
14) Alexander BH, Checkoway H, Nagahama SI, Domino KB. Cause-specific mortality risks of anesthesiologists. Anesthesiology 2000; 93(4): 922-30.
15) Berry AJ, Fleisher LA. Cause-specific mortality risks of anesthesiologists. New evidence for the existence of old problems. Anesthesiology 2000; 93(4): 919-21.
16) Bruce DL, Eide KA, Linde HW, Eckenhoff JE. Causes of death among anesthesiologists: a 20-year survey. Anesthesiology 1968; 29(3): 565-9.
17) Bruce DL, Eide KA, Smith NJ, Seltzer F, Dykes MH. A prospective survey of anesthesiologist mortality, 1967-1971. Anesthesiology 1974; 41(1): 71-4.
18) Lew EA. Mortality experience among anesthesiologists, 1954- 1976. Anesthesiology 1979; 51(3): 195-9.
19) Ullmann D, Phillips RL, Beeson WL, Dewey HG, Brin BN, Kuzma JW, et al. Cause-specific mortality among physicians with differing life-styles. JAMA 1991; 265(18): 2352-9.
20) Blachly P. Doctor-owned malpractice plan cuts defense costs. Med World News 1979; 20(20): 20-2.
21) American Medical Association. Council on Scientific Affairs. Physician mortality and suicide: Results and implications of the AMA-APA Pilot Study. Conn Med 1986; 50(1): 37-43.
22) American Medical Association. Council on Scientific Affairs. Results and Implications of the AMA-APA Physician Mortality Project Stage II. JAMA 1987; 257(21): 2949-53.
23) Simon W. Suicide among physicians: prevention and postvention. Crisis 1986; 7:1-13.
24) Sargent DA, Jensen VW, Petty TA, Raskin H. Preventing physician suicide. The role of family, colleagues, and organized medicine. JAMA 1977; 237(2): 143-5.
25) Craig AG, Pitts FN Jr. Suicide by physicians. Dis Nerv Syst 1968; 29(11): 763-72.
26) Rose KD, Rosow I. Physicians who kill themselves. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1973; 29(6): 800-5.
27) Samkoff JS, Hockenberry S, Simon LJ, Jones RL. Mortality of young physicians in the United States, 1980-1988. Acad Med 1995; 70(3): 242-4.
28) Frank E, Biola H, Burnett CA. Mortality rates and causes among U.S. physicians. Am J Prev Med 2000; 19(3): 155-9.
29) Doll R, Peto R, Wheatley K, Gray R, Sutherland I. Mortality in relation to smoking: 40 years' observations on male british doctor. BMJ 1994; 309(6959): 901-11.
30) Doll R, Peto R, Hall E, Wheatley K, Gray R. Mortality in relation to consumption of alcohol: 13 years´ observations on male british doctors. BMJ 1994; 309(6959): 911-8.
31) Marks DF. Mortality and alcohol consumption: the dose-response relation is probably linear. BMJ 1995; 310(6975): 325-6.
32) Shaper AG. Mortality and alcohol consumption: non-drinkers shouldn´t be used as baseline. BMJ 1995; 310(6975): 325.
33) Reynolds TM. Mortality and alcohol consumption: the conclusions we draw. BMJ 1995; 310(6975): 326.
34) Lyons RA, Lo SV, Monaghan S, Littlepage BN. Mortality and alcohol consumption: moderate drinking also improves health. BMJ 1995; 310(6975): 326.
35) Carpenter LM, Swerdlow AJ, Fear NT. Mortality of doctors in different specialties: findings from a cohort of 20.000 NHS hospital consultants. Occup Environ Med 1997; 54(6): 388-95.
36) Doll R, Peto R. Mortality among doctors in different occupations. BMJ 1977; 1(6074): 1433-6.
37) Juel K, Mosbech J, Hansen Es. Mortality and causes of death among Danish medical doctors 1973-1992. Int J Epidemiol 1999; 28(3): 456-60.
38) Ohtonen P, Alahuhta S. Mortality among Finnish anesthesiologists from 1984-2000. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2002; 46(10): 1196-9
39) Rimpela AH, Nurminen MM, Pulkkinen PO, Rimpela, MK, Valkonen T. Mortality of Doctors: do doctors benefit from their medical knowledge? Lancet 1987; 1(8524): 84-6.
40) Arnetz BB, Horte LG, Hedberg A, Theorell T, Allander E, Malker H. Suicide patterns among physicians related to other academics as well as to the general population. Results from a national long-term prospective study and a retrospective study. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1987; 75(2): 139-43.
41) Svardsudd K, Wedel H, Gordh TJr. Mortality rates among swedish physicians: a population-based nationwide study with special reference to anesthesiologists. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2002; 46(10): 1187-95.
42) Aasland OG. Mortality of anesthesiologists, pediatricians, and other specialists in Norway. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2002; 46(10): 1200-2.
43) Kono S, Ikeda M, Tokudome S, Nishizumi M, Kuratsune M. Alcohol and mortality: a cohort study of male japanese physicians. Int J Epidemiol 1986; 15(4): 527-32.
44) Kono S, Ikeda M, Tokudome S, Nishizumi M, Kuratsune M. Smoking and mortalities from cancer, coronary heart disease and stroke in male Japanese physicians. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 1985; 110(2): 161-4.
45) Peña D, Romo J. Descripción numérica (2). In: Introducción a la Estadística para las Ciencias Sociales. Madrid: Mc Graw-Hill, 1997: 65-80.
46) Ministerio de Salud Pública. Estadísticas de Salud. Montevideo: MSP, 1998:34.
47) 47. Wall S. Epidemiology for prevention. Int J Epidemiol 1995; 2(4): 655-64.
Published
2003-12-31
How to Cite
1.
Turnes AL, Ciriacos CM, Rodríguez Almada H. Mortality in physicians (1st. part). Uruguay 1974-2002. Rev. Méd. Urug. [Internet]. 2003Dec.31 [cited 2024Nov.25];19(3):216-24. Available from: http://www2.rmu.org.uy/ojsrmu311/index.php/rmu/article/view/853
Section
Original Articles
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
